Laravel数据库读写分离配置的方法

时间:2022-07-27
本文章向大家介绍Laravel数据库读写分离配置的方法,主要内容包括其使用实例、应用技巧、基本知识点总结和需要注意事项,具有一定的参考价值,需要的朋友可以参考一下。

配置范例

'mysql' =  [
 'driver' =  'mysql', 
 'write' =  [ 
 'host' =  '192.168.1.180', 
 ], 
 'read' =  [
 ['host' =  '192.168.1.182'], 
 ['host' =  '192.168.1.179'], 
 ],
 ... 
]

'mysql' =  [
 'driver' =  'mysql', 
 'write' =  [ 
 'host' =  '192.168.1.180', 
 ], 
 'read' =  [
 'host' =  [
 '192.168.1.182',
 '192.168.1.179'
 ], 
 ],
 ... 
]

扩展配置范例

'mysql' =  [
 'driver' =  'mysql', 
 'write' =  [ 
 'host' =  '192.168.1.180', 
 'username' =  'write',
 'password' =  'write',
 ], 
 'read' =  [
 [
 'host' =  '192.168.1.182',
 'username' =  'read1',
 'password' =  'read1',
 ], 
 [
 'host' =  '192.168.1.179',
 'username' =  'read2',
 'password' =  'read2',
 ], 
 ],
 ... 
]

或者

'mysql' =  [
 'driver' =  'mysql', 
 'write' =  [ 
 'host' =  '192.168.1.180', 
 'username' =  'write',
 'password' =  'write',
 ], 
 'read' =  [
 'host' =  [
 '192.168.1.179',
 '192.168.1.182',
 ],
 'username' =  'read',
 'password' =  'read', 
 ],
 ... 
]

公司数据库架构为一主多从,从库访问地址为唯一地址,该处方便负载均衡及扩展从库。所以最终线上采用的配置

'mysql' =  [
 'driver' =  'mysql', 
 'write' =  [ 
 'host' =  '192.168.1.180', 
 'username' =  'write',
 'password' =  'write',
 ], 
 'read' =  [
 'host' =  '192.168.1.179'
 'username' =  'read',
 'password' =  'read', 
 ],
 ... 
]

代码分析

授人以鱼不如授人以渔,之所以配置如此灵活的原因,以及如何查找到这些配置方式。主要通过查找代码,分析代码;相关代码都在下面粘出,这里就不做解释了,代码能说明一切;

路径:vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Database/Connectors/ConnectionFactory.php

代码:

class ConnectionFactory
{
 ...

 /**
 * Get the read configuration for a read / write connection.
 *
 * @param array $config
 * @return array
 */
 protected function getReadConfig(array $config)
 {
 $readConfig = $this- getReadWriteConfig($config, 'read');

 if (isset($readConfig['host']) && is_array($readConfig['host'])) {
 $readConfig['host'] = count($readConfig['host'])   1
 ? $readConfig['host'][array_rand($readConfig['host'])]
 : $readConfig['host'][0];
 }

 return $this- mergeReadWriteConfig($config, $readConfig);
 }
 
 ...
 
 /**
 * Get a read / write level configuration.
 *
 * @param array $config
 * @param string $type
 * @return array
 */
 protected function getReadWriteConfig(array $config, $type)
 {
 if (isset($config[$type][0])) {
 return $config[$type][array_rand($config[$type])];
 }

 return $config[$type];
 }
 
 ...
 
 /**
 * Merge a configuration for a read / write connection.
 *
 * @param array $config
 * @param array $merge
 * @return array
 */
 protected function mergeReadWriteConfig(array $config, array $merge)
 {
 return Arr::except(array_merge($config, $merge), ['read', 'write']);
 }
 
 ...
}
 
 
class Arr
{
 ...
 
 /**
 * Get all of the given array except for a specified array of items.
 *
 * @param array $array
 * @param array|string $keys
 * @return array
 */
 public static function except($array, $keys)
 {
 static::forget($array, $keys);
 
 return $array;
 }
 
 ...
 
 /**
 * Remove one or many array items from a given array using "dot" notation.
 *
 * @param array $array
 * @param array|string $keys
 * @return void
 */
 public static function forget(&$array, $keys)
 {
 $original = &$array;
 
 $keys = (array) $keys;
 
 if (count($keys) === 0) {
 return;
 }
 
 foreach ($keys as $key) {
 $parts = explode('.', $key);
 
 while (count($parts)   1) {
 $part = array_shift($parts);
 
 if (isset($array[$part]) && is_array($array[$part])) {
  $array = &$array[$part];
 } else {
  $parts = [];
 }
 }
 
 unset($array[array_shift($parts)]);
 
 // clean up after each pass
 $array = &$original;
 }
 }
 
 ...
}

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